Fastening device



Nov. 10, 1931. w. S. PIERCEQJR FASTENING DEVICE Filed April 25. 1929- Paten-ted` Nov. 10,'193l l Um'rsn sgr-Aras' PATENT orsxcs sont, nss`ran'on-4 n wINsLow armor., Ja., or To SPLIT BALLBEARING conronanon, or mrsnmn rnsrnnnre Dnvxcn AAppliance mea sp1-11 ss, ma. mm no. ,acacia mined relative position. The invention further contemplates the provision of a con-` necting and aligning means of very compact construction, which may be readily disposed in alimited space. The -invention also includes improved llocking means for the connections as well as improved means for tightening and loosening the connections.

. The combined connecting and aligning means of the invention comprises generally a tapered stud ,fitted into cooperating tapered openings in two or more machine parts. Epch stud is' drawn into wedging enga e- .ment with the sides of such openings y means of a suitable'nut carried .on' a threaded portion at'thelend of the stud. When the improved fastening means is to be employed in connection with machine parts in which very little space is available, the invention contemplates the provision-of suitable re-v cesses communicating with the tapered open- The usual method of obtalmng accurate aligningsv in the parts for the reception of each ment andsecure connectlonis to employ sepanut, whereby the nuts may beconveniently rate aligningnand conneetmg means. 'lhus disposed below thc Surfaces of the parts, doWel plus 01 other tupelelol' rSlelully Accordingto one embodiment of the inven-. formed means are used t ali the parts, tion, the nuts are provided with integral Wlllle bolts, .nuls aud other Slml al 11183118 are locking means for preventing the displaceemployelto fasten the PuI'tSl'O ether The mentthereof, and improved wrench engag- CODSIUCUODS 0f the WPS3 desc/T1 ed are uuing means and a wrench for manipulating 30 SllSfCliOly fOI' Val'lOuS lfeSOl'lS.. The tapered' the nuts are also preferably provided" aligning means become WOIII '111 use und are Various other objects, advantages and f" thus lllcpabl O'f accul'ulely ullgulug th@ 1characteristic features of the invention will Parts' Ful'tllel, 1u many ,Coustlultlous ,the become lapparent as the description thereof space in whlch the securing and aligmn prcgrcsccc means can be disposed is extremely limite In describing thc invcn and separate securing and aligning means crcncc will bc mad cannot be provided without weakening the drawings, in which; mulllue Parts )TPloduclug a bulliy und i Figurel isa side view, partly in section, of clumsy Coustlullfm- Infact, 1u Certalu Cases a two-part ball race embodying a connectin where small bearing surfaces are to be conmcans constructed in nected,'it is impossible to provide separate present invention; aligning and fastening means withinthespace fg, 2 shows 'c nut of avallab e 'l f use on the fastening means shown in Figure the abOV and 4(lhel',,CGlilSKlier-81210118 1 together.. a wrench fary engagement.' l ill mind', v,iii S `:pro Sed lIl'acl'dayflc 4'therewith and bpertion-fheref v the present invention to provideconnecting .Fimaig wmp' means for machine partsin which a single ure 2; [mdf/f Y' i element performs the combined function 'of 50 mechanically `connecting the parts and .accurately aligning the parts in a Vpredeter- This invention relates to machi more particularly concerns im tening means for firmly co curatel ne parts and roved fasnnectin and acy aligning a plurality of mac ine parts redetermined relative positions.

t is often necessary to connect two or more parts of machines or structures in such a manner that the parts'are not only securelyr connected, but are accurately disposed in predetermined relative positions. For example, pulleys, gears, bearing parts and collars, for use on shafts or axles, are often split or formed in two or more parts so that they can be assembled around the-shaft at the desired 5 p oint without disturbing the shaft connections or bearings. In order that such parts t ma properly cooperate with the belts, gears or earing parts which engage therewith, the separate portions thereof must-be accuratxliy aligned in proper relative positions as w l as securely fastened together about the shaft.

tion in detail, ref.

accordance with the a; type suitable for :means in accord lfcthe inventidn. 1,

all

f 1,823,1,39a-V nmsnmn coaronuzon or NEW e to the accompanying goo view of aI nut shown in` Fig# Fig. 4 showt s nutpmded with locking ce with one embodiment' sent an unbroken Referring to the drawings, one embodiment of my improved connecting means has been shown in connection with a split ball race comprising two semi-circular parts, 1 and 2, designed to be clamped on a. shaft, spindle or axle. As shown in Fig. 1, the parts l and 2 are respectively provided with two tapered circular openings 3, 4, 5 and 6.. These openings are so disposed that when the openings 3 and 5 on the part 1 are respectively accurately aligned With the openings 4 and 6 on the part 2, the surfaces of the parts 1 and 2 are accurately aligned to prebearingsurface for cooperation with the balls and other elements of the bearing structure. In the disclosed embodiment of the invention, the parts 1 and 2 are provided with recesses 7 8, 9 and 10 in their outer surfaces, these recesses being appreciably larger in diameter than the openings 3, 4, 5 and 6 with which they respectively communicate.

The fastening means comprise studs 11 having the same taper as the openings 3, 4,

5 and 6 and provided with threaded end portions 12 and 13 as shown. Nuts 14 are provided for engagement with the threaded end portions 12 and 13 of the studs 11, and these nuts engage the shoulders 15, 16, 17 andv 18 at the bottoms of the recesses 7, 8, 9 and 10 res ctively when drawn up on the studs.

ne end face of each nut 14 is preferably castellated or; provided with recesses 19 o any suitable type for engagement by similarly formed abutments or extensions 20 on a wrench or Iother tool W. The wrench W is preferably provided with a handle 21 extending atrlght anglesfrom the axis of the nut engaging head 22 thereof, whereby con'- siderable pressure can be appliedto the nut when inI its fully engaged position Within one of the recesses 7 8, 9 or 10.

The operation of the connecting means disclosed is readily apparent from the description given. The `two parts 1 and 2 of the ball race are assembled around the shaft, and the two tapered studs 11 are passed respectively through" the tapered 'cooperating openn s 3 and 4, and 5 and 6. A nut 14 is then app ied -to the threaded extension adjacent the smaller end of each stud 11 and these nuts are drawn up tightly against the shoulders 16 and 18 at the bottoms of the recesses 8 and 10, the wrench W being employed for this purpose. The=tight`ening of the n uts 14 draws the tapered studsll into wedging 'engagement with the sides of the openings 3, 4, 5 and 6, thereby accurately aligning the openings and the surfaces of the .parts 1 and 2.

` Another nut 14 is then applied to the thread'- ned extension 12 adjacent the larger end of each stud 11, and is drawn tight by means of the wrench W. In this manner, the partsy 1 and 2 are not only securely connected by f thereof were -would first engage the strong .fastener means, but are accurately ali ed in the desired relative position.

s explained above, the studs 11 are machined to exactly the same angle of taper as the openings 3 4, 5 and 6, and thus the tightening of the nut 14 at the smaller end of each stud draws the parts 1 and 2 into very ac-` curate alignment by exerting lateral forces on the parts through the taper of the stud. Although the lateral forces exerted by the taper of the stud are ver great, the forces exerted longitudinally of t e stud between thc two machine parts 1 and 2 by reason ofthe nut 14 at the smaller end of the stud-acting through the stud taper is not alone suiiciently great to permanently hold the parts in intimate engagement during use. The reason for this is readily apparent. With identical angles of taper on the stud and the openings it is impossible to axially elongate the stud or put it in tension lby means of the nut 14 at the smaller end alone, such elongation being prevented by the stud taper. Thus, the parts cannot be compressively clamped together by the nut at the smaller end of the stud. If a fixed head were employed on the larger end of the stud, the inner face of such head would have to be vary accurately disposed axiallyof the studand the shoulders 15 and 17 would have to be very accurately located it any appreciable axial elongation of the stud by the nut at the smaller end to be obtained. Thus, it would be necessary that the xed head be disposed at such a position axially of the stud with respect to the taper thereof that when the nut 14 at Ithe smaller end was drawn up, the head shoulder 15 or 17 and upon subsequent axial elongation of the stud, the tapered sides thereof would engage the tapered bore of thef opening. It is practically impossble to execute the accurate machining necessary'for this arran ement, and further, the arrangement is unesirable in 'that the machine parts are first clamped t0- In the device of the present invention, the

I'above described difficulties are entirely eliminated by employing a nut 14 at the larger end lof the stud, which nut acts as a movable bolt headv and effects the desired. axial elongation of the stud and consequent clam ing together of thefparts after'accurate a ignment has been established by the stud taper. Thus, the i' tightening of the nut 14 at thesmaller end'of the stud acts through the stud taper and aligns the parts, 'and the subsequent tightening of the nut at the larger end puts ithe stud in axial tension andsecurely clamps yteeth o1' projecting ridges 23 formed on the bearing face of the nut14a, as shown in e Fig. 4f. When a nut of thistype is tightened upon a threaded extension of the stud 11, the teeth 23 bite into the metal of the machine part, in this case the surface of one of the shoulders, 15, 16, 17 or 18 and i thereby lock the nut securely in position against accidental misplacement. The teeth E33 may be of the ratchet vtype so that the turning of the nut in a releasing direction is more eii'ectively prevented.

The connecting means of the present invention presents many advantageous features. The tapered studs perform the double function of aligning and firmly connecting machine partswithout complicating the conA-v struction thereof. Due to the simplicity of the connecting means it may be readily employed on machine parts where the available space is very limited and where it is essential ythat no part of the connecting means extend beyond the. surface of the parts to be con'- nected. The nuts at the small ends-of the lstuds wedge the studs firmly against the tapered sides of the openings when the parts are assembled, and when it is desired to disconnect the parts, these nuts may be loosened and removed and the nuts at the large end of thel studs tightened, whereupon the studs will be readily and easily freed'from thel tapered openings. Y

Although only one embodiment of the1 invention has been described, it should be understood that theinvention includes all angle of taper of said openings and registering in said openings, said stud having threaded portions at each end thereof, a nut engaging the threaded portion at the smaller end of said stud for rst clamping said stud against the sides of said opening and thereby accurately aligning said parts and a nut engaging the threaded portion at the larger end of said stud for putting said stud in axial tension after saidpartshave been aligned and thereby securely clamping said parts together.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature.

WINSLOVSr S. PIERCE,` J R.

such variations the disclosed structure e as fall within scope of the appended claim. For examp e,` the connecting means l described may be a plied to many machine parts other than the split ball race shown,ff l the tapered studs and openings may be square or of various other sections, the the reception of the nuts maybe y various nut locking means other than the disclosed ratchet teeth ma'v be employed and' lvarious other changes, m ications or omis sions may be made without departing. from the scope of the invention.- v

I claim: y Y

The combinationy with a plurality' of mlfor omitted,

chine parts having tapered openings of the same .angle of taper therein of a headless stud having and angle otape'r'equal the .losl 

